The spleen is the largest secondary immune organ in the body and is responsible for initiating immune reactions to bloodborne antigens and for filtering the blood of foreign material and old or damaged red blood cells. Histology atlas simple squamous epithelium single layer of thin, flat, irregularly shaped cells resembling floor tiles. The ratio of splenic weight to body weight remains fairly constant regardless of age and, in rats, is typically around 0. Bone histology and axial skeleton exercises 9, 10, 12 begins. Located in the abdomen, directly beneath the diaphragm, and connected to the stomach, the spleen is the bodys largest filter of the blood1,2. In dogs, the spleen increases in weight during the first 6 months of life hoganesch and hahn, 2001. Marble spleen disease is caused by a type ii avian adenovirus. This paper documents spontaneous background and treatmentinduced lesions seen in rodent toxicity and carcinogenicity studies. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 3. Pdf file or convert a pdf file to docx, jpg, or other file format. To combine pdf files into a single pdf document is easier than it looks. Found in underneath epithelial tissue, subcutaneous layer and mucous membranes, and around blood vessels, nerves and organs.
The histology of the spleen and suprarenals of echidna. In many laboratories routine histopathological evaluation of the spleen involves examination of a single crosssection. Histology slide courtesy of florida state university. Spleen situated principally in the left hypochondriac region, but its superior extremity extends into the epigastric region 3. Spleen capsule dense connective tissue enclosing the organ white pulp composed of lymphatic tissue red pulp filters and degrades red blood cells rbcs. In this article we will discuss about the structure of spleen with the help of suitable diagram. Searching for a specific type of document on the internet is sometimes like looking for a needle in a haystack. The splenic architecture is similar across species. The liver is also enlarged, sometimes considerably, due to the.
Longitudinal striations may be visible in thicker fibers. By the end of the lab, you should be able to describe and distinguish lymph nodules, tonsil, lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen using the criteria given in the table below. A pdf file is a portable document format file, developed by adobe systems. Luckily, there are lots of free and paid tools that can compress a pdf file in just a few easy steps. By michelle rae uy 24 january 2020 knowing how to combine pdf files isnt reserved. The goal of this lab is to examine the organization of the major organs of the lymphatic system. Head and neck thorax abdomen limbs multiple choice unique answer question 7 yellow marrow consists of a framework of.
Absence of the spleen is associated with increased susceptibility to systemic spread and fatal infection by different pathogens. This article explains what pdfs are, how to open one, all the different ways. The european sea bass dicentrarchus labrax is the most important marine fish spe. These include the white pulp with tcell areas and bfollicles, the nonfiltering lymphoid areas of the red pulp, the border between red and white pulp the perifollicular zone, the red pulp cord. I paid for a pro membership specifically to enable this feature. Like the lymph nodes, the spleen is covered by an outer capsule that extends into the parenchyma as trabeculae. It has been a significant cause of mortality in many areas of the united states, canada, and europe during the last 30 years. Spleen histology slide labeled the spleen is a fist sized organ located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. The microscopic structure of the spleen has been most thoroughly investigated in mice and rats. Splenic hematomas can lead to mild enlargement of the spleen, but many cases present with very large, grossly abnormal spleens. The spleen can be a troublesome specimen for the surgical pathologist, not only because experience with the range of normal splenic histology is limited by its rarity but also because there is an often a frustrating discordance between the patients clinical condition and the perceived findings.
The pdf format allows you to create documents in countless applications and share them with others for viewing. This is where the regions of white pulp are found then as the artery loses its sheath and branches to form pencillar arteries, and sinusoids. Spleen is a flaccid bag that serves as a storage site of blood. Spleen from a f344 rat on 50% caloric restriction for two weeks. Imaging finding of traumatic injury to the spleen on ultrasound and ct will be described and shown. The type ii adenoviruses include marble spleen disease virus of. Like the lymph node, the human spleen is a highly compartimentalized organ. This is a section of the spleen showing the fibrous capsule at the surface and the red and white pulp regions within the organ. In essence, the spleen is organized as a tree of branching arterial vessels, in which the smaller arterioles end in a venous sinusoidal system. Trabeculae connective tissue that extends inward from the capsule through which blood vessels enter the pulp. Structure of spleen with diagram lymphatic tissue biology. You wonder if the cause of variation can be determined. The majority of the spleen is composed of a matrix called the red pulp, which is the site of erythrocyte disposal.
A comparative study on the histological structure of the. The functions of the spleen are centered on the systemic. These striations reveal that the fibers are composed of thinner collagen fibrils 0. A central artery, p pals, mz marginal zone, rp red pulp. As it is the region of antigen presentation, a large number of macrophages and different types of lymphocytes reside here.
This means it can be viewed across multiple devices, regardless of the underlying operating system. This new edition of jaypees well established colour atlas and practical guide has been enriched by the addition of a large number of new photomicrographs of human tissues. Histology photo album home album list last uploads last comments most viewed top rated my favorites search file 6469 spleen labels histology slide. Adobe designed the portable document format, or pdf, to be a document platform viewable on virtually any modern operating system.
Loose connective tissue consists mostly of collagen fibers, but also reticular and elastic fibers are present. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. The text has been updated and the layout redesigned. If your pdf reader is displaying an error instead of opening a pdf file, chances are that the file is c. Video on histology of spleen from the chapter lymphoid tissue in anatomydiagram courtesy. Normal structure, function, and histology of the spleen mark f. The histological structure of the spleen was investigated in the ostrich, a nonflying bird, the kes. An oversized pdf file can be hard to send through email and may not upload onto certain file managers. Haematopoietic cells in the spleen are derived from the agm aortagonadmesonephros and yolk sac and as the primary lymphoid organs become established it. Consists of several types of cells mainly fibroblasts, and semifluid ground substance. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1. Embedded within the red pulp are small white nodules called the white pulp. Spleen labels histology slide this is a histology slide of spleen.
Read on to find out just how to combine multiple pdf files on macos and windows 10. G germinal center, f follicle, a central artery, p pals. The germinal centers g are prominent, highlighting the number and location of the normally inconspicuous follicles f in the mouse spleen. Feb 18, 2021 spleen histology slide labeled the spleen is a fist sized organ located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen.
Textbook of human histology 6th edition pdf free download. The spleen develops in association with the digestive system in the dorsal mesogastrium, and as the stomach rotates during development the spleen comes to occupy the left cranial abdomen. It presumed that the architectural design of spleen of domestic and wild animal is different from man. Guided needle core biopsy is used increasingly to sample solid lesions within the spleen and, for a variety of pathologies, laparoscopic splenectomy is now the surgical method of choice. Similar to the case for lymph nodes, proliferating bcells within the white pulp may form lymphoid follicles with germinal centers.
Spleen lien is the largest lymphoid tissue in the body and specialised, beenshaped organ for filtering blood. Also, they form the background structure of lymphoid organs like the lymph nodes, liver, spleen, etc. It is a highly vascular haemopoietic organ situated in the left hypochondrium directly beneath the. The lesion is typically a solitary, well demarcated nodule protruding from the spleen figure 35. These functions are carried out by the 2 main compartments of the spleen, the white pulp including the marginal zone and the red pulp, which are vastly different in their. Aug 01, 2006 the spleen is the site of direct and indirect toxicity and a target for some carcinogens and also a site for metastasis of malignant neoplasms arising in other sites. An introduction to the histology of the spleen, as presented by the university of rochester pathology it program. If your scanner saves files as pdf portbale document format files, the potential exists to merge the individual files into one doc. Higher magnification view of the white pulp from figure 4. May 01, 2003 the spleen can be a troublesome specimen for the surgical pathologist, not only because experience with the range of normal splenic histology is limited by its rarity but also because there is an often a frustrating discordance between the patients clinical condition and the perceived findings. Histology slide courtesy of education interactive human histology photo cd. Comparative histological study on the spleen of human homo. Pdf the spleen is the largest secondary lymphoid organ.
Its network of trabeculae, blood vessels and lymphoid tissue provides an environment in which white blood cells lymphocytes proliferate while old damaged red blood cells erythrocytes are recycled. Normal structure, function, and histology of the spleen. The spleen is covered by a dense capsule, and there are connective tissue trabeculae, which provide internal support for the spleen, and carry the blood vessels into the spleen. Head and neck thorax abdomen limbs multiple choice unique answer question 7 yellow marrow consists of a.
It is known as the library of histology and anything about the subject is found inside. Making a pdf file of a logo is surprisingly easy and is essential for most web designers. This diagrammatic representation of the spleen, should help you understand where red and white pulp come from. The spleen is the largest secondary immune organ in the body and is responsible for initiating immune reactions to bloodborne antigens and. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 5. The spleen is enlarged in size, it can be massive splenomegaly, on the cut section resembles the bone marrow due to excessive extramedullary neoplastic hematopoiesis, circulatory disorders with infarctions and pain in the left rim appear.
The spleen has a unique location, embryological development and histological structure that differs significantly from other lymphoid organs. The spleen is the largest organ of your lymphatic system, a subdivision of the immune system. The spleen is located in the left upper quadrant region of the abdomen. How to shrink a pdf file that is too large techwalla. Once youve done it, youll be able to easily send the logos you create to clients, make them available for download, or attach them to emails in a fo. Relative to the mouse spleen, the rat spleen has a larger and more uniform marginal zone mz and a more. Marble spleen disease msd is a contagious disease of confinementraised pheasants. Each compartment has its own structure, cell population, and functions. It is the largest lymphoid organ and thus the largest filter of blood in the human body. Most electronic documents such as software manuals, hardware manuals and ebooks come in the pdf portable document format file format. You are studying the spleen and lymph nodes and notice after all of the tissue analyses that one animal appears to be an outlier. Since postmortem specimens are often difficult to study because of autolytic changes and since the numbers of splenectomies are decreasing, most pathologists regard the spleen as an enigmatic organ. The histopathology of the human spleen can only be properly interpreted with sufficient knowledge of the structure of the normal spleen. Numerous references discuss the effects of aging on lymphocyte function and changes in the distribution of lymphocyte subsets.
Aug 01, 2006 the spleen reaches peak development at puberty, in rats, followed by gradual involution losco, 1992. Nov, 2018 the spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ responsible for immune surveillance against bloodcirculating pathogens. More precisely, it is found posterior to the stomach and anterior and inferior to the. Spleen lymphatic organ connected to blood vascular system part of mononuclear phagocyte system. Pdf is a hugely popular format for documents simply because it is independent of the hardware or application used to create that file. Severe forms of visceral leishmaniasis are associated with disorganization of spleen compartments where cell interactions essential for splenic. Textbook of human histology 6th edition pdf free books pdf epub.
Spleen pathology introduction open surgery for splenectomy is performed with diminishing frequency and pathology of this organ remains a poorly understood topic. Pdf normal structure, function, and histology of the spleen. Spleen histology slide this histology slide is from the spleen. These functions are carried out by the 2 main compartments of the spleen, the wh. Pdf enhanced histopathology of the spleen researchgate. The spleen is the most affected organ in patients with abdominal organ injury after blunt trauma. The single nucleus of each cell bulges at its center, found in areas such as amnion, inner layer of the embryo, air sacs in lungs, lining of the heart chambers, and lumen of blood vessels, and serous membranes of body cavities where rapid diffusion, filtration, and some. B6c3f1 mouse, female, 20 weeks old left and f344n rat, male, 12 weeks old. This book is one book that is known worldwide among medical students and professors in the anatomy and histology department. The white pulp represents the sections of the spleen which are involved in immune responses to bloodborne microbes and are in many ways analogous to lymph nodes. Depending on the type of scanner you have, you might only be able to scan one page of a document at a time. Histological comparison of spleen and kidney tissue from farmed.
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